OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE AND QUALITY OF MIGRANT LABOUR IN HO CHI MINH CITY AFTER JULY 1, 2025 (According to the 2009 and 2019 Population and Housing Censuses)

Abstract

Using microdata from the 2009 and 2019 Population and Housing Censuses, the study combines weighted descriptive statistics with data visualisation to understand shifts in occupational structure and the quality of migrant workers in Ho Chi Minh City. The analyses were conducted in two aspects: gender and 13 functional areas of Ho Chi Minh City after July 1, 2025. The results show that, after 10 years, assemblers and operators of machinery and equipment remain the largest occupational group of migrant workers in Ho Chi Minh City. The education gap between the two sexes has narrowed, but occupational segregation by gender still exists; the quality of migrant workers is clearly differentiated by space. The results also show that before the merger, the labour space of the three localities (Ho Chi Minh City (old), Binh Duong, Ba Ria - Vung Tau) differed in occupational structure and migrant worker quality across functional areas, suggesting human resource development policies tailored to each locality.